世界末端的冰雪王国–南极之行 — 免費下載
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All posts for the month October, 2012
OK – So you knew it was coming. I am happy to introduce “Viaggio in Antartide” Going to Antarctica the Italian Edition. With lots of great editing by Timothy F. Melia and the translation by Valeria B. So, the Italian is the latest release of the book and the next one out the door will be the Chinese release. So Now this travel journal is available in English, Spanish, and Italian. One of the things you learn in going to Antarctica is that you have to communicate to others the importance of keeping it pristine. I hope this book attracts a few more people to see Antarctica and to support keeping it Pristine. This book has been my way of sharing the experience! I would also recommend that you join the American Polar Society: http://www.americanpolar.org/ or a similar group if you love the polar regions!
As is tradition, the first Rev of the Translation (pseudo draft) will be free for the weekend (10/27 and 28 2012) – I hope you enjoy it! http://www.amazon.com/Viaggio-Antartide-Italian-Edition-ebook/dp/B009XC2QGW/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&qid=1351282602&sr=8-12
-Rob
Haplogroup N1c
The high diversity of haplogroup N1c in northern China suggests that it originated there about 12,000 years ago, then spread north and west throughout much of northern Eurasia. N1c almost certainly arose after the colonization of the Americas about 14,000 years ago, because it was not carried from Siberia to Alaska by the northeast Asians who were the first people to enter the New World.
The westward expansion of N1c took place gradually, probably during the last 2,000 years, as men bearing the haplogroup expanded across the Volga River drainage and the Ural Mountains of Russia, eventually reaching eastern Europe. Today about 40% of northern Russian men and 40% of male Pomors, who live along the White Sea on Russia’s northwest coast, carry the N1c haplogroup. The levels of N1c decrease among Russian men farther south, with about 20% of central Russians and only 10% of southern Russians bearing the haplogroup.
The haplogroup can also be found among men in the Baltic states and Scandinavia, the western terminus of its migration. N1c is the most common haplogroup in Finland – where it averages about 60% – and is more common in the eastern half of the country, a further indication that it probably spread there from Asia. It reaches levels as high as 15% in Sweden and about 10% in northern Norway, suggesting a major component of Scandinavian male ancestry may trace to Asia rather than Europe.
Although Viking raiders carried many Scandinavian haplogroups to Britain during the first millennium AD, N1c was not among them.
Because women in Scandinavia do not show as much Asian heritage as men, the migration traced by haplogroup N1c may have been almost exclusively male. Alternatively, male migrants from Asia may have preferentially married local women, which would have erased any genetic record of female Asian migrants.
